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Judson Supercharger

By David Birchall
November 1988
Haddon Judson of Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, USA (don't ask me to pronounce it), began researching superchargers in 1948 and designed the vane-type compressor pump about 4 years later. The Judson Research Company built ready to bolt-on kits for a variety of cars such as Volkswagen, Volvo, Mercedes and Renault. For those who are not aware, a supercharger or blower is anything that will force more air or air/fuel mixture into the cylinders of an internal combustion engine, than would be drawn into the cylinders naturally by the suction of the pistons during the intake stroke.
The Judson supercharger kits were designed to bolt directly onto the existing manifolding, and were advertised to produce approximately 5-7 psi boost (above atmosphere) output for most applications. The blower is driven at or close to the crankshaft speed by means of a vee-belt pulley system.

A cylindrical outer case with an inlet port on one side, and an outlet port on the other side spaced approximately 120 degrees apart, makes up the basic housing of the Judson. Inside this housing is a rotor that revolves on an eccentric axis. Four vanes protrude from the rotor and maintain light contact with the inner case wall. These vanes were inserted in slots in the rotor on an angle, so that the leading edge of the vane would be leaning in the direction of rotation.
The vanes were not fixed to the rotor, but when rotated held against the case wall by centrifugal force; yet, counterbalanced, so that they would not rub the case wall with too much pressure or friction.
Judson called the design, "balanced pressure". The big advantage of such a design is that virtually no clearances exist in the blower through which air can leak, therefore giving this type of supercharger a high volumetric efficiency.
The supercharger also required a constant supply of oil for lubrication when running. It is introduced into the blower below the carburettor and forced in via a vacuum into the blower housing. The kit comes with a glass storage tank and drip-feed system, where oil is consumed at the rate of approximately one litre per 1600 km. The oil lubricates the rotating shaft and spreads a thin film on the inner case wall to make the rotating vanes ride with less friction, thereby reducing wear.
The blower kits were available in Australia in the mid-1960s, and as with most kits, included the following parts: blower, oil lubricator bottle, air cleaner, drive pulley, vee belts, linkages and brackets, etc.
Nowadays finding a kit is difficult indeed. Most blowers seem to be in serviceable condition, but as for the rest of the kit pieces, most have been misplaced over the years. Kits were produced for the VW 36-bhp and 40-bhp motors. Some of Judson's claims on their sales brochure were: "50% more horsepower, amazing acceleration, surging passing ability, higher cruising speed, eliminating loss of power, better control for safer driving of your VW."